processed as light and dark. The dark pigment is used for making international orange paint. Both light
and dark pigments are relatively permanent when exposed to the weather. Even though lead chromate is
considered hazardous, the pigments in these paints will be difficult to replace because no other pigments
have a similar light fastness and brightness.
(f) Red. The reds include Venetian red, bright-red iron oxide, Indian red, toluidine red,
and mineral red. All of these pigments may be used for tinting purposes, except toluidine red. Indian
red and bright-red iron oxide are very permanent and are used extensively in all types of paints, enamels,
and stains. Venetian red and mineral red are often used in barn and roof paints. Toluidine red, which is
a bright red, is permanent even when exposed to the weather.
(g) Yellow. The yellows include lemon chrome yellow, medium chrome yellow, yellow
ocher, primrose chrome yellow, yellow iron oxide, raw sienna, and zinc yellow. The chrome yellows
are satisfactory for tinting exterior paints. Raw sienna is more often used for tints and stains than as a
solid-color trim paint. When mixed with white titanium dioxide in different amounts, it makes durable
ivory and buff tints. Use yellow oxides particularly in solid-color paints and for tinting floor enamels.
Use zinc yellow as a rust-inhibitive pigment in metal primers.
(2) Water-based paint. When you are mixing water-based paint on the job, mix water-
soluble color pigments into the paint vehicle.
NOTE: Colors in oil cannot be mixed with water-based paints.
d. Tints or Shades. When you tint or shade paint with paste, mix the paste with a small amount
of the paint vehicle to thoroughly break it up then strain it through a cheesecloth. When you mix paint
to match a certain color, add the tint or shade in small amounts and test the paint by brushing it on a
surface that is similar to the one to be painted. Allow the paint to dry before checking for the proper
match. If you have not produced the desired match, add more color or more base paint. If you notice
streaks of color when you brush out the paint it is a sign that you have not thoroughly mixed the color
into the base paint. If you add too much color to the base paint, you will have to add considerably more
base paint to lighten the color. As a result, you will have more paint than you need for the job.
e. Color Harmony. Table 2-3 contains a list of do's and don'ts to consider when you select
colors.
EN0562
2-16
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