Figure 2-Sum 1. Vertical and Horizontal Polarization

Wave Propagation, Transmission Lines, and Antennas
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TC 9-64 _________________________________________________________________________

A harmonic frequency is any frequency that is a whole number multiple of a

smaller basic frequency. For example, a radio wave transmitted at a

fundamental frequency of 3000 hertz can have a second harmonic of 6000

hertz, a third harmonic frequency of 9000 hertz, and so on, transmitted at the

same time.

A vertically polarized antenna transmits an electromagnetic wave with the E

field perpendicular to the earth's surface. A horizontally polarized antenna

transmits a radio wave with the E field parallel to the earth's surface.

Figure 2-Sum 1. Vertical and Horizontal Polarization

A wavefront is a small section of an expanding sphere of radiated energy and

is perpendicular to the direction of travel from the antenna.

Radio waves are electromagnetic waves that can be reflected, refracted, and

diffracted in the atmosphere in the same manner as light and heat waves.

Reflected radio waves are waves that have been reflected from a surface and

are 180 degrees out of phase with the initial wave.

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