LESSON 1
COMPARATIVE MEASURES
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Actions:
Identify and compute values for ratios in terms of fractions, decimals,
percents, and index numbers.
Conditions:
You will be given instructional problems relative to fractions, decimals,
percents, and index numbers.
Standards:
You must be able to correctly calculate percent change, percent of total,
percent of programed, and percent deviation, and to correctly apply a price
index to values from several time periods and convert these values into
constant dollars.
FRAME 1.
INTRODUCTION
Comparative measures, or ratios, point out existing relationships between factors expressed
numerically. They compare two numbers. For example, miles and gallons can he compared--25
miles to each gallon. For each 25 miles we travel, it will take 1 gallon of gasoline. Thus, we have
a meaningful relationship, comparing related items.
The gasoline used should be directly and logically related to the miles traveled. The more
miles we travel the more gasoline we will use. The ratio, 25 miles to 1 gallon, expresses this
relationship exactly. Note two things. First, the two different items compared in ratio form must
be logically related--miles and gallons. Second, the related items have to be able to be
expressed numerically--25 miles and 1 gallon.
In summary, a ratio compares numerical items that are related.
QUESTION:
From what you have just read, what are two requirements for ratios?
a._________________________________________________________________
b._________________________________________________________________
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FI0921
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