e. Whether the fasteners are to be visible or
contact over the entire area and that there are no air
bubbles or foreign particles between the wood layers.
concealed.
2-2. A product of the cabinetmaker is no stronger
2-6. Classification by Grain Direction. In our study
than its weakest joint. However it is well to remember
of joints, let's first consider their classification pertaining
that you need not be a skilled perfectionist to produce a
to grain direction. By this we mean the length, face,
good joint. If you pan your work, visualize the various
edge, and end of a board.
steps in their proper sequence, and perform these steps to
2-7. Parallel grain joints. Parallel grain joints are
the best of your ability, you can succeed in making joints
those in which the grain in the jointed pieces runs in the
that fit well and serve their purpose. A strong joint is
same direction. There are two types of such joints: (1)
one that is well fitted.
Parallel edge grain joints, which are used in joining wood
2-3. Many types of joints are used in woodworking;
edgewise; and (2) parallel right-angle joints, which are
however, in this section we will discuss only the
used in joining pieces of wood so that their faces are at
following classifications pertaining to cabinetmaking:
right angles and their grain parallel.
Parallel grain joints.
2-8. Right-angle joints. Right-angle joints are those in
Right-angle grain joints.
which the grain of the woods meet at right angle when
they are joined. There are three types of right-angle
Lap joints.
grain joints: (1) end-to-edge joints, in which the end of
Grooved joints.
one member is fitted to the edge of the other member
Miter joints.
(see fig. 1, A); (2) oblique joints, where the graining of
Mortise and tenon joints.
both members is fitted end to end; and (3) end-to-face
Dovetail joints.
joints, where the end gain of one member is joined to
the face of the other member (see fig. 1, C). The pain
miter joint shown in figure 1, B, is a good example of an
oblique right-angle joint.
2-4. This section will acquaint you with these
2-9. Classification by Construction Detail.
We
classifications, the types of joints covered by each, and
have described the main classes into which all
where they are used, rather than with any detailed
woodworking joints fall.
Now let's study joint
descriptions of bow each kind of joint is laid out and
classification with regard to construction detail.
constructed.
2-10. Lap joints. The lap joint a simple lap, or halved,
2-5. The selection of a specific type of joint is
joint made by cutting out equal half sections from both
determined by the following factors:
members which are to be jointed. There are several
a. Working qualities and strength of the material to
variations of the lap joint. When the half sections are cut
be used.
from the end of the members to be jointed and cross each
b. Whether the work is on the exterior or on the
other at right angles, the joint is known as an end lap joint as
interior and whether it is a movable or a stationary
shown in figure 2, A. If the members cross each other at
project.
right angles in the center, the joint is called a cross lap joint,
c. How the project will be fastened, such a nailed,
as
screwed, glued, or a combination of these.
d. Whether the grain is parallel or at right right
angles where the joint is fastened.
Figure 1. End-to-edge joints.
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